Immigration to Canada
Canada is one of the top choices for the ones seeking a new life in a diverse and welcoming country. With over 100 immigration pathways—from affordable options like work, study, and Express Entry to investment-based programs—Canada offers flexible routes to permanent residency and citizenship.
In this guide by Malekpour Immigration Institute, we’ll walk you through the main immigration methods, application stages, and required documents step by step. In the comments section, you can also ask your questions and receive answers in a short time.
Is immigration to Canada easy?
Immigration to Canada is possible for many individuals, but the “ease” of it depends on individual circumstances and the immigration program type. Canada has various programs for immigration, but Express Entry, provincial programs, and work visas typically have complex processes that require documentation, work experience, and various assessments.
Therefore, immigration to Canada may be relatively easy for those meeting the necessary conditions, but for those whose conditions are not complete, the process may be more difficult and lengthy. Next, we will specify the necessary conditions for immigration to Canada.
General Conditions for Immigration to Canada
In this table, we outline the most important general conditions for immigration to Canada. Keep in mind that each of these conditions may vary based on the type of immigration method.
| Factor | Details |
|---|---|
| Age | For study permits: 18–27 years. For work visas: preferred range is 23–40 years. For entrepreneurship programs: 25–60 years. |
| Educational Background | Applicants with a diploma to a PhD can apply. A minimum of a high school diploma is required. Those without a diploma are not eligible, even if financially or professionally qualified. |
| Work Experience | For skilled and technical jobs, at least 3 years of experience is generally required—especially in Skilled Worker programs. |
| Language Proficiency | For study visas: IELTS Academic 6.5. For work programs: IELTS General minimum 5. For Skilled Worker programs: minimum 6.5. |
| Financial Requirements | Approx. CAD 25,000 for tourist visas, CAD 60,000 for study permits, and at least CAD 100,000 for permanent residency via entrepreneurship. |
| Family & Connections in Canada | Not mandatory for immigration, but having relatives in Canada counts as points in Skilled Worker programs and increases the chances of tourist visa approval if you have an invitation letter. Other programs (e.g., innovation, entrepreneurship, study) are less affected by this factor. |
| Job Offer (LMIA) | Required for closed work permits with LMIA approval. Not mandatory for many immigration programs but can help in some temporary work visa pathways. |
| Work/Study Experience in Canada | Having Canadian work or study experience significantly boosts chances of obtaining permanent residency, especially in Skilled Worker and job offer-based programs. |
Are there age requirements for immigration to Canada?
Yes, there are age requirements for immigration to Canada through various immigration programs. In the Express Entry program, individuals under 30 have a better chance to earn more points in the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS).
Moreover, for individuals over 45 years, fewer points are considered. However, older individuals may also be accepted through provincial programs or other immigration options, particularly if they have specific work experience and skills.
What is the maximum age for immigration?
In many immigration programs, age is one of the influential factors, especially in scoring systems like Canada’s Express Entry. Generally, individuals under 30 are awarded higher points. In skilled worker programs, individuals under 45 years old have the best chance, but those over 45 can still have opportunities for acceptance through specific programs such as provincial programs based on their work experience and particular skills.
More information about immigration to Canada can be found on the official website of the Canadian government at (https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada.html).
Immigration to Canada From A to Z
Immigration to Canada involves several steps, starting with deciding which immigration route to use, such as Express Entry, Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP), or study immigration. After selecting the appropriate route, you need to collect the necessary documents, which include evaluation of educational credentials (ECA), language tests (IELTS or CELPIP), and financial documents to prove economic ability.
Then, you will submit your application through the IRCC website and wait for evaluation. Finally, if your application is accepted, you will apply for a visa or permanent residence. This process can take several months to several years, depending on the type of chosen program and individual circumstances.
Review of Various Immigration Pathways to Canada
The types of immigration methods to Canada include:
- Student visa
- Work permit
- Investment
- Immigration by birth
- Immigration by marriage
- Immigration by refugee
- Federal Self-Employed Persons Program
- Immigration through provincial programs
We will explain each of these methods in detail below.
Immigration to Canada Through Education
Educational immigration to Canada is one of the most popular and simplest ways to immigrate. This method allows individuals to study at one of Canada’s reputable educational institutions and, upon graduation, attain permanent residency. Below are the general conditions for studying in Canada:
| Requirement | High School Education | Bachelor’s Degree | Master’s Degree | PhD Studies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 14 to 18 years | 18 to 24 years | Minimum 21 to 28 years old | Minimum 25 years old |
| Language Proficiency | Basic English knowledge (IELTS 5.5) | IELTS 6.5 | IELTS Academic 6.5 or equivalent TOEFL | IELTS 7 |
| Academic Records | School transcripts for previous level | Minimum 12-year high school diploma with GPA above 15 | High school and bachelor’s degree transcripts | Bachelor’s, master’s, and high school diplomas |
| Proof of Funds | Based on student’s living expenses | CAD 40,000 to 60,000 | CAD 40,000 to 60,000 | CAD 40,000 to 60,000 / May be offered with a scholarship |
| Tuition Fees | From CAD 25,000 / Public schools around CAD 14,000 per year | CAD 20,000 to 30,000 on average | CAD 15,000 to 35,000 on average | CAD 8,000 to 20,000 on average |
We recommend reading the article Studying in Canada for more information on various educational methods, levels, and popular fields of study in Canada.
Can I immigrate to Canada without an educational degree?
It is possible to immigrate to Canada without a degree, but the immigration pathways for individuals without an educational certificate are more limited. In such cases, programs such as provincial immigration (PNP) or work visas can be options for immigration.
Especially if the individual has significant technical skills or work experience in fields that are in demand in the Canadian labor market, the chances of acceptance into immigration programs increase. Moreover, programs such as Skilled Worker status or Express Entry may provide individuals an opportunity to immigrate based on work experience.
Immigration to Canada Through Work
In the table below, you can see the general conditions for immigration to Canada through work:
| Factor | Conditions and Points |
|---|---|
| Education | A minimum of a high school diploma is required, mainly for general occupations. For skilled immigration programs like Express Entry, a diploma is not sufficient—at least an associate degree is required. Higher degrees such as a bachelor’s, master’s, or PhD bring more points and increase acceptance chances. |
| Work Experience | Relevant work experience is crucial. For general jobs (e.g., cooking or welding), 1–2 years is sufficient. For skilled programs like Express Entry, at least 3 years of relevant experience and a post-secondary degree are required. More experience means more points. |
| Language Skills | Proficiency in English or French is essential. For general jobs, IELTS General 5–5.5 is enough. For programs like Skilled Worker and Express Entry, a minimum IELTS score of 6.5 is required. In Quebec, French language skills significantly boost your chances. |
| Age | Express Entry highly values applicants aged 18–29, who receive maximum points. From age 35 onwards, points decrease. For job offer programs, the age limit is more flexible (up to 45 years old). |
| Job Offer | A valid job offer from a Canadian employer helps significantly. For a regular work visa, an LMIA-approved job offer is required. In skilled programs, a job offer isn’t mandatory but gives extra points and improves the chances of receiving permanent residency and an invitation. |
| Financial Means | Applicants without a job offer (e.g., in Skilled Worker programs) must show at least CAD 40,000 in proof of funds—this amount increases with family size. Those with a job offer (e.g., Closed Work Permit applicants) require less proof due to secured income. |
| Adaptability | In the Skilled Worker program, adaptability factors (e.g., relevant work experience, close relatives in Canada) boost the score. In direct job offer and Closed Work Permit visas, these factors have minimal impact and do not significantly affect the initial assessment. |
Many immigration programs in Canada have a points system. If you are looking to work in Canada without the need for a specific language and educational certificate, the best option is to receive a job offer for general jobs. However, other job-related methods also include the Express Entry program, the Canadian Experience Class (CEC), and Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP).
| Program | Language Certificate & Educational Qualification |
|---|---|
| Canada Express Entry Program | Required |
| Federal Skilled Worker Class (FSWC) | Required |
| Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) | Required |
| Specialized Work Immigration Programs | Required |
| General Job Work Visa for Canada | Not Required |
If you intend to apply through various work methods for the country of Canada, we recommend reading all relevant details in the articles about Canada work visa.
What is the best job for immigration to Canada?
For immigration to Canada, jobs in information technology (IT), engineering, nursing, business consulting, and entrepreneurship are among the most popular options. These professions have higher scores in immigration systems like Express Entry due to the labor shortages in Canada.
Additionally, those skilled in construction or agriculture can also immigrate to Canada through provincial programs or skilled worker status.
Immigration to Canada Through Investment
Investment in Canada includes various programs, each with specific requirements. The noteworthy aspect of Canada’s immigration programs through investment is the diversity of available programs for individuals with differing conditions, so it is advisable for individuals to properly evaluate their conditions with an immigration consultant to choose the best path. Below are the most important pathways to investment in Canada categorized into three general groups.
- Entrepreneurship
- Startup visa (Innovation)
The Canada startup visa or Innovation Program offers a cost-effective path to permanent residency without requiring major investment. With government support, applicants can work in diverse fields like healthcare, tech, and management. No business background is needed, but $100,000 in funds or a $60,000 business plan is required.
A CLB 5 language score (IELTS 5.5 or PTE Core) is also necessary. This program grants PR for the whole family, plus spousal work rights and free education for children, making it a smart and accessible immigration route to Canada.
- Intra Company Transfer (ICT)
Intra Company Transfer (ICT) in Canada offers a fast-track work visa for those with 2–3 years of business ownership, even without official registration. Ideal for expanding a company to Canada, this program involves opening a branch via a job offer from the parent business.
While it doesn’t directly lead to permanent residency, it provides 5–7 years of residence with the option to switch to PR pathways. No language or education requirements make it a practical and accessible option for business owners.
Immigration to Canada Through Birth
If a foreign individual is born in Canada, they automatically receive Canadian citizenship and Canadian passport. This principle is based on the law of soil, which is observed in most countries of the Americas. However, the residency status of that individual’s parents is not as straightforward.
Obtaining Canadian residency through birth does not directly influence the residency status of the parents. Parents cannot automatically obtain residency or citizenship solely because their child was born in Canada. They must apply for permanent residency through one of Canada’s immigration programs such as economic, family, or investment programs. In summary:
- The child automatically becomes a Canadian citizen and receives a passport.
- Parents must apply for residency through one of the immigration programs, and the birth of a child in this country does not automatically change their residency status.
Immigration to Canada Through Marriage
To obtain Canadian residency through marriage, the general conditions are fully presented in the table below. The marriage process in Canada typically takes several months and requires the submission of valid documents and proof of a genuine and legal relationship with the spouse.
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Sponsor Eligibility | The sponsor must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident. Must be at least 18 years old. Must not be receiving social assistance (except for disability). Must demonstrate the financial ability to support the spouse for a specified period. |
| Required Documents | Identity documents (passport, ID card). Proof of relationship (marriage certificate, photos, messages, and evidence of communication). Financial documents (to prove ability to support). Police clearance certificate. Medical exams. |
| Sponsorship and PR Application | Complete and submit sponsorship and permanent residence application forms. Pay the required application fees. |
| Review and Processing | Document review and interview if needed. Additional documents may be requested. |
| Outcome | If approved, the foreign spouse will be granted permanent residence in Canada. |
If you want more information on this topic, you can read the article Immigration to Canada Through Marriage.
Immigration to Canada for Federal Self-Employed Program
The Self-Employed visa in Canada or artist visa is designed for individuals who have the ability to create jobs for themselves and in some cases for others and can work independently in specific fields. This program is generally divided into two categories:
| Category | Description | Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Employed Athletes | Includes professional athletes who can work independently in Canada. These individuals must have participated in international competitions and achieved significant accomplishments. | Applicants must have at least two years of self-employment or participation in international-level sports activities within the past five years. They must demonstrate the ability to continue their sports career in Canada and contribute to its athletic development. |
| Artists and Cultural Workers | Includes artists and professionals in cultural fields such as music, painting, acting, writing, photography, design, and other artistic activities. | Applicants must have at least two years of self-employment or participation in international-level cultural or artistic activities within the past five years. They must show the ability to continue their professional career in Canada and contribute to its cultural growth. |
Canada uses a point system to select applicants in this program which evaluates several different factors. Each factor has a maximum score, and applicants must achieve at least 35 points out of a possible 100 to qualify.
Immigration to Canada Through Asylum
Asylum fundamentally helps individuals who face prosecution and threats in their own country for reasons such as race, religion, nationality, membership in specific social groups, or political views and cannot return to their home country.
Keep in mind that individuals who choose asylum in Canada are unable to return to their country. Additionally, if the Canadian government finds that the applicant does not have convincing reasons or provides false reasons, their application will not be accepted, and it may also have legal consequences.
The general conditions for asylum in Canada are as follows:
- Individuals can submit their asylum application upon entering Canada (at borders or airports) or after entering the country to the Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
- Asylum requests are initially reviewed by border officers or IRCC officials to ensure that the applicant is eligible and that their claim is valid.
- If the initial application is accepted, the applicant’s case is referred to the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB), which is responsible for a detailed examination of the application.
- At this stage, a hearing is held where the applicant must present documents and evidence related to the threats and dangers they face in their home country.
- After a thorough review, the IRB decides whether to recognize the applicant as a refugee or not. If the request is accepted, the applicant can stay in Canada and apply for permanent residence after some time.
What are the challenges of seeking asylum in Canada?
Seeking asylum in Canada comes with challenges. Some of these issues include:
- Long processing times for applications
- Providing sufficient evidence to prove serious risks in the country of origin
- Limitations in access to social services
- Legal obstacles regarding residence status
Other Immigration Methods to Canada
Various methods of immigration to Canada have been introduced so far; now, we will introduce other pathways for immigration to this country.
Canadian Tourist Visa
A Canadian tourist visa allows short-term travel but does not permit work, study, or lead to permanent residency. To become a permanent resident or citizen, you must apply through programs like Express Entry or Provincial Nominee Program (PNP).
Recent changes to visa rules mean multiple-entry visas are no longer guaranteed. Visa officers now decide the type (single or multiple entry) based on the invitation letter and travel purpose, such as visits to relatives, events, or exhibitions.
Provincial Programs in Canada
Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) in Canada allow immigrants to obtain permanent residence in Canada by receiving nomination from a specific province. Each province has specific programs that meet their economic and labor market needs.
| Province | Best For |
|---|---|
| Ontario | Skilled professionals, entrepreneurs, international graduates |
| British Columbia | Tech talent, innovative entrepreneurs, BC university graduates |
| Alberta | Skilled workers, entrepreneurs, oil & gas industry professionals |
| Saskatchewan | In-demand occupations, agriculture experts, business owners |
| Manitoba | Skilled workers, entrepreneurs, those with family or friends in Manitoba |
| New Brunswick | Workers with in-demand skills, entrepreneurs, rural-focused applicants |
| Nova Scotia | Skilled workers, international students, entrepreneurs |
| Prince Edward Island | Entrepreneurs, applicants interested in island life and close-knit communities |
Sponsorship Visa
Obtaining residency in Canada through sponsorship is another type of immigration method. In this method, residents or Canadian citizens can sponsor their family members for permanent residency in Canada.
The table below provides brief information about the conditions of Canadian sponsorship; for more information on this topic, we have a separate article that you can read at Sponsorship Visa to Canada.
| Requirement | Description |
|---|---|
| Canadian Status | Must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident |
| Age Requirement | Must be at least 18 years old |
| Financial Ability | Must prove financial ability to support the sponsored person |
| Undertaking Agreement | Must sign an agreement to financially support the sponsored family member(s) |
| Eligible Family Members | Spouse, dependent children, parents, and grandparents |
Dependent children
What is the best way to immigrate to Canada?
In response to this question, it should be stated that the best method can vary depending on the applicant’s conditions, but considering the new immigration pathways, immigration through work or Canada’s startup and provincial programs are among the best methods for immigration to Canada.
Costs of Immigration to Canada
The cost of immigration to Canada depends on the type of immigration program and individual circumstances. Below are approximate costs related to the main immigration programs:
| Immigration Type | Cost Type | Cost (CAD) |
|---|---|---|
| Study Immigration | Annual Tuition | 19,000 – 30,000 |
| Proof of Funds | 60,000 | |
| University Application Fee | 100 – 200 | |
| Study Visa Application Fee | 150 | |
| Annual Student Insurance | 600 – 1,200 | |
| Living Expenses (Housing, Food) | 12,000 – 18,000 | |
| Document Translation | 100 – 300 | |
| Work Immigration: Express Entry | Proof of Funds | 40,000 |
| Additional Fees | 5,000 | |
| Educational Credential Assessment | 200 – 300 | |
| Language Test | 300 | |
| Work Immigration: Job Offer | Proof of Funds (Main Applicant) | 35,000 |
| Proof of Funds (Each Accompanying Person) | 5,000 | |
| Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) | 1,000 | |
| Investment Immigration | Business Plan Cost (Varies by Province) | 12,000 – 60,000 |
| Biometrics and Embassy Fees | 90 | |
| Investment Amount | 600,000 – 800,000 | |
| Application Fees | 1,500 – 3,000 | |
| Corporate Work Program | Investment Required | None |
| Start-up Program | Business Plan Cost | Varies |
| Additional Expenses (Travel, Accommodation) | 5,000 – 10,000 | |
| General Costs | Document Translation | Approx. 20 – 50 per page |
| Airfare | 1,000 – 2,000 |
Cost of Living After Immigrating to Canada
The cost of living in Canada after immigrating varies depending on the city and your lifestyle. In general, the main living expenses include housing, food, transportation, utilities, insurance, and entertainment. Here are estimated costs for a single person in major Canadian cities:
| Cost Type | Estimated Cost (CAD) |
|---|---|
| Housing | Rent for a one-bedroom apartment downtown: $1,200 – $2,500/month |
| Food | $300 – $600/month |
| Transportation | $90 – $150/month |
| Utilities | $150 – $300/month |
| Health Insurance | $100 – $250/month |
| Entertainment | $150 – $400/month |
Steps to Immigrate to Canada
But where do we start the steps to immigrate to Canada? What is the first step to immigrate to Canada? In this section, we will explain the general steps of immigration. Note that these are general steps and it is better to have an immigration consultant or expert by your side:
- Get advice from a lawyer or immigration consultant
- Visit the official website of the Government of Canada (IRCC) at www.canada.ca
- Choosing the appropriate immigration program
- Preparing the required documents
- Paying fees and registering documents
- Getting fingerprinted and providing biometric information
- Reviewing and making a decision by the immigration department
- Receiving a visa and starting residence in Canada
Documents Required for Immigration to Canada
Below are all the general documents required for immigration to Canada for most immigration programs. Please note that some documents may vary depending on the type of immigration method:
- Identity documents
- Valid passport
- Educational documents
- Language certificate (English: IELTS test, French: TEF or TCF test (for Quebec immigration programs)
- Employment documents
- Criminal record
- Financial documents
- Passport photos
- Medical examination
What is the TEF Canada test?
The TEF (Test d’Évaluation de Français) is a key French language test for Canadian immigration, offered as TEF Canada and TEF Naturalization. It assesses listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, scored on the CEFR scale (A1 to C2).
Widely accepted in visa and permanent residency applications, TEF is conducted at accredited centers. Proper preparation boosts success, making TEF scores essential for evaluating language proficiency and improving your chances of immigrating to Canada.
The best cities in Canada for immigration
Next, we will introduce the best cities in Canada for immigration.
| City | Key Features |
|---|---|
| Toronto | – Strong economy with many job opportunities – Over 200 ethnic groups, high cultural diversity – Renowned universities like the University of Toronto – Extensive public transportation system – High housing costs, especially downtown – Rich cultural, artistic, and sports activities |
| Vancouver | – Mild climate compared to other Canadian cities – Thriving tech industry with many companies – Top universities like the University of British Columbia – Expensive housing, especially in central areas – Beautiful nature: forests, mountains, lakes – Strong healthcare system and excellent welfare infrastructure |
| Montreal | – Official French-speaking city with strong French culture – Lower cost of living compared to Toronto – Good job opportunities in creative and tech industries – Prestigious universities like McGill University – Rich arts, festivals, and cultural events – Parks and green spaces for outdoor activities |
| Ottawa | – Capital city and center of government institutions – Diverse and stable economy focused on government and tech sectors – High-quality healthcare and education services – Renowned universities like the University of Ottawa – Moderate cost of living compared to other major cities – Low crime rate and high public safety |
Immigration to Canada and Permanent Residency
To obtain permanent residency in Canada, you must first apply through one of the immigration programs such as Express Entry or Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP) or Investment and Startup. After your application is accepted and you receive a permanent residency visa, you will be allowed to live and work in Canada.
Permanent residency allows you to live in any province or territory of Canada and, if necessary, use health and social services. After at least three years of permanent residency, you can apply for Canadian citizenship, subject to meeting certain conditions, including physical presence in the country.
Obtaining citizenship after immigrating to Canada
It is possible to obtain Canadian citizenship and nationality after obtaining permanent residency. To obtain citizenship, you must be physically present in Canada for at least three of the last five years. In addition, you must demonstrate the ability to speak one of the official languages of Canada (English or French) and pass a citizenship test that includes general questions about Canadian history and culture.
Also, having a clean criminal record and complying with Canadian laws are other essential requirements for obtaining citizenship. After successfully completing these steps, you can apply to attend the citizenship ceremony and receive a Canadian passport.
Advantages and disadvantages of immigrating to Canada
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| High quality of life | High cost of living |
| Free public healthcare system | Harsh climate conditions, especially in winter |
| Job and educational opportunities | Lengthy residency and citizenship application process |
| High cultural diversity | Challenges adapting to foreign culture and environment |
Frequently Asked Questions About Immigration to Canada
- What is the cheapest way to immigrate to Canada?
The cheapest way to immigrate to Canada is usually through work or study programs, especially if you are successful in receiving a scholarship.
- What are the requirements for work immigration to Canada?
The requirements for work immigration to Canada include having a job offer, relevant work experience, a language certificate (CLB 7 and above) and having valid academic qualifications.
- In what ways is it possible to immigrate to Canada?
Immigrating to Canada is possible through education, work, investment and family sponsorship. Each method has its own conditions and documents.
- Do I need a language certificate to immigrate to Canada to study?
Yes, you usually need a language certificate (such as IELTS) to get a student visa, but in some cases this document may not be required for people under 18 who meet certain conditions.
Conclusion:
Accurate knowledge of immigration to Canada from zero to one hundred can be of great help to applicants for immigration to Canada. Consulting with reputable immigration lawyers and using reliable sources of information can help facilitate this process. For this purpose, you can have free consultation with experienced experts at the Malekpour Institute. Contact us.
