Italy

Italy, one of the oldest countries in the heart of the Mediterranean, continues to attract tourists, migrants, and students with its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning nature. Its strategic location—bordered by Western Europe and open seas—makes it a hub for trade and travel.

Popular cities like Florence, Milan, and Bologna are top choices for migrants, while more budget-friendly options like Bari, Catania, and Perugia offer a lower cost of living with decent facilities. Italy’s iconic landmarks—such as the Colosseum, Venice, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and the Amalfi Coast—make living there a unique and fulfilling experience.

Obtaining Italian citizenship and nationality remains a key topic. Depending on the type of residency (study, work, family, or investment), the process takes 5–10 years. EU citizenship grants access to numerous benefits across Europe.

One attractive path is the Innovation Visa under the investment and Golden Residency program, requiring €250,000 for projects like hotel renovations—with no minimum stay requirement. For free consultation about immigration to Italy contact Malekpour Immigration Institute.

 

 

Population of Italy

Italy is one of the most populous countries in Europe, with a population of about 60 million people. This country has a high demographic diversity due to a mix of large cities and rural areas. The population of Italy has been growing at a slower pace in recent years, and alongside an increase in life expectancy, its age structure has also undergone changes. In particular, the elderly population is on the rise, presenting challenges in economic and social fields.

 

Geographical Position of Italy

Italy is located in the south of the European continent and is recognized as a peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea. This country is bordered by the Alps to the north. Besides having beautiful beaches and high mountains, with over 7,800 kilometers of coastline, it is recognized as one of the popular tourist destinations in the world. Additionally, geographically, it acts as a bridge between Europe and North Africa.

 

Dynamic Economy of Italy

In 2025, the Italian economy showed signs of improvement with a modest growth of 0.3 percent in the first quarter. This growth was primarily due to domestic demand and household consumption, while the service sector faced increased activity. However, the industrial sector continues to face challenges, including a decline in production in recent months.

The Italian government has reduced its economic growth forecast for 2025 to 0.6 percent, which is lower than prior predictions. Overall, Italy’s economy faces challenges in 2025, but despite this, specific sectors of the economy continue to experience positive growth.

 

Dominant Religion in Italy

The dominant religion in Italy is Catholic Christianity, which has deep roots in the country’s history. About 80 percent of Italy’s population identify as belonging to this religion, and the Catholic Church plays a significant role in the culture and social life of this nation. The Vatican City, the center of world Catholicism, is located in the heart of Rome and symbolizes Italy’s spiritual and religious power.

Religion in Italy has influenced not only daily life but also art, architecture, and cultural traditions of this country.

 

 

Government Structure of Italy

Italy is a parliamentary republic governed by the Constitution of the Republic, which was adopted in 1948. The governmental structure consists of three main branches: the executive, legislative, and judiciary.

The President, who acts as the head of state, has a mainly symbolic role, while most executive duties are handled by the Prime Minister and the cabinet. The Italian Parliament comprises two chambers: the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.

 

Official Language and Local Dialects of Italy

The official language of Italy is Italian, which is used throughout the country as the primary language for official communications, education, and media. This language has roots in Latin and is widely spoken across the country.

However, Italy boasts a significant linguistic diversity, and many of its regions have their own distinct local dialects. These dialects, particularly in different northern and southern regions of the country, can differ significantly and may vary somewhat from the official Italian language.

 

Traditional and Popular Food of Italy

Traditional Italian dishes are an important part of the culture of this country, and each region has its own specific features in this regard. In the table below, some of the dishes are listed:

1. Braciola (meat roll)
2. Penne Alfredo
3. Pizza Margherita
4. Pasta Carbonara
5. Spaghetti Bolognese
6. Bruschetta (toast with tomato and olive oil)
7. Calzone (wrapped pizza)

 

Best Cities in Italy for Immigrants to Live

Italy, with its rich culture, high quality of life, and numerous job opportunities, is a popular destination for migrants. Rome, the capital of Italy, serves as a major cultural and economic hub, providing excellent opportunities for immigrants to work and study in Italy. Milan, with its dynamic economy and attractive business and fashion markets, is the most appealing city for migrants seeking job opportunities in the fashion, design, and technology industries.

On the other hand, Florence and Venice, with their historical and cultural beauty, are suitable for individuals interested in living in a peaceful and artistic environment. Furthermore, Bologna, one of Italy’s prestigious university cities, attracts international students and young individuals.

 

 

Most Affordable Cities in Italy for Living

Despite its large and famous cities, Italy offers many affordable options for living. Cagliari, the capital of Sardinia, is recognized as one of the cheapest cities in Italy and provides good conditions for immigrants and families with its lower living costs compared to larger cities.

Additionally, Palermo in Sicily, with its lower housing and living costs, is an attractive option for those seeking affordable living. Pisa, while globally known for its Leaning Tower, also boasts relatively low living expenses in addition to tourist attractions.

 

Ideal Cities in Italy for Artists

One of the ideal cities in Italy for artists is Florence, as the birthplace of the Renaissance and home to greats like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. It is one of the best cities for artists, constantly inspiring them with its galleries, museums, and historical ambience. Rome, with its unique art pieces from ancient times to modern periods, is an excellent place for artists seeking space filled with history and art.

Additionally, Venice, with its beautiful canals and stunning architecture, is a dream destination for painters and photographers looking to capture both natural and urban beauty.

 

Most Popular Destination in Italy for Tourists

The most popular destination in Italy for tourists is the city of Venice, known for its famous canals and unique architecture, making it a dream destination for history and culture enthusiasts. The city of Florence, as the center of Renaissance art, is highly attractive to those interested in art due to its outstanding art galleries and historical buildings.

Additionally, the city of Rome, as the capital of the country, offers tourists the opportunity to visit significant historical and ancient monuments such as the Colosseum, the Pantheon, and the Roman Forum. Along with these, the Amalfi Coast, with its breathtaking views and beautiful beaches, has become a popular destination for nature-loving tourists.

 

High-Demand Cities in Italy for Employment

High-demand cities in Italy for employment include large cities such as Milan, which is the economic capital of Italy and is renowned in the fields of fashion, design, technology, and banking. Rome, the capital, offers many job opportunities in government and services, focusing on culture and tourism. Bologna, due to its strategic location and dynamic economy, particularly in engineering, technology, and sciences, is a good destination for professionals.

Additionally, Turin offers excellent opportunities for engineers and technical specialists due to its industrial activities and automobile production, particularly in the automotive industry.

 

 

Conditions for Obtaining Citizenship and Italian Nationality

Italy offers several pathways to citizenship, including study, work, and investment in Italy. International students at recognized universities can apply for permanent residency after 5 years, and citizenship after 10 years of legal stay.

Italy’s Golden Visa Program includes four main investment options:

• €250,000 in innovative startups, including hotel renovation projects – no physical presence required; covers spouse and children under 18 (and over 18 under certain conditions).
• €500,000 in an Italian LLC (SRL).
• €1 million in charitable donations.
• €2 million in government bonds.

 

The Innovation Visa stands out as the most attractive, offering potential returns and a simplified process. It starts with a one-year visa and can be extended to a two-year residency.

 

Gift-Giving Culture in Italy

In Italy, gift-giving is part of the ancient culture of this country, performed not only on special occasions but also to show respect and affection. Italians believe that choosing the right gift should be done carefully, placing great importance on details and the recipient’s personal taste.

On occasions such as Christmas, Easter, and birthdays, personal and meaningful gifts like handmade chocolates, wine, or art and traditional Italian items are commonly chosen.

In formal events, luxury gifts are less common, but gifts that demonstrate thoughtfulness and consideration for the recipient are well-received. In this culture, giving and receiving gifts is seen as an important way to strengthen social ties and create personal connections.

 

Business Principles in Italy

Business in Italy is influenced by a strong family culture, personal relationships, and adherence to politeness and respect. Establishing solid communication and trust between partners and clients is of great importance in this country. Italians pay considerable attention to punctuality and quality in providing services and products. Furthermore, adaptability and the ability to respond to market changes and customer needs are essential in Italy.

While the Italian market is highly competitive, long-term collaborations, attention to detail, and commitment to innovation are considered key principles for success in business. Starting a business in Italy requires a deep understanding of local business culture and adherence to the precise laws and regulations of this country.

 

Dining Etiquette in Italy

Dining etiquette in Italy is one of the unique and attractive characteristics of the culture, emphasizing care and respect for food. Italians usually have their meals leisurely and collectively. Meals typically consist of several courses, including antipasto (appetizer), pasta or pizza, and dolce (dessert).

One important point in dining etiquette is to avoid eating in the streets and always sit at the table while dining with others. Additionally, beverages like coffee, especially in the afternoon, are very popular and are usually served alongside a small sweet treat. Respect for traditions and savoring each bite are part of the cultural experience in Italy, making food a ceremonial affair.

 

 

Diversity of Nationalities in Italy

Italy is a country with high ethnic and cultural diversity, hosting different populations from around the world due to its ancient history and geographical location. This country is especially witnessing the presence of migrants from various European, Asian, and African countries in big cities like Rome, Milan, and Florence. The ethnic and cultural diversity in Italy not only enhances the social richness of this country but has also had a significant impact on Italian art, cuisine, and language.

Italians generally show respect for different cultures, and this diversity is clearly seen in their daily lives, including various celebrations and ceremonies.

 

Capital of Italy and its Important Cities

The capital of Italy, Rome, is one of the oldest and most historic cities in the world, recognized as the cultural, political, and economic center of this country. This city, with its world-famous attractions such as the Colosseum, Vatican City, and the Pantheon, is a popular destination for tourists. Besides Rome, Italy also has other major cities, each with its own unique features. Milan is known as the center of fashion and design and as Italy’s economic hub.

Florence, the cradle of Renaissance art, is globally renowned for its galleries and museums. Venice, with its beautiful canals and unique architecture, offers an unparalleled experience of Italy’s history and culture.

 

Marriage Laws in Italy

The laws regarding marriage in Italy are the same for Italian citizens and foreigners, but there are some differences for foreigners. To marry in Italy, one must first apply for a marriage license from the local municipality. This process involves presenting documents such as birth certificates, passports, etc. For foreigners intending to marry in Italy, it is necessary to provide identity documents translated into Italian and certified by proper authorities.

Additionally, for religious marriages, the ceremony must also be registered within the framework of civil laws in Italy. Furthermore, Italy has legalized same-sex marriages, recognizing them under the title of “registered partnerships.”

 

 

Divorce Laws in Italy

Divorce laws in Italy are carried out under specific conditions and through defined legal procedures. Divorce in Italy is divided into two types: consensual divorce and judicial divorce. In consensual divorce, spouses come to court with a complete agreement on financial matters and child custody, which usually makes this process quicker. However, in judicial divorce, one party seeks separation, and there may be complex processes like examining grounds for divorce and court hearings.

Laws regarding child custody are determined based on the best interests of the child and it is typically attempted to implement joint custody.

 

History of Italy

The history of Italy includes one of the oldest narratives in the world, starting from ancient times. This country is recognized as the center of the ancient Roman Empire, which had a significant impact on Western civilization in its time. After the fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century AD, Italy continuously faced various invasions and divisions and eventually became a collection of independent city-states.

In the 19th century, through movements such as the “Renaissance” and the struggles of heroes like Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italy was officially unified as a country in 1861. In the 20th century, Italy faced challenges such as two World Wars and the emergence of Fascism, but ultimately, in recent decades, it has been recognized as an effective member of the European Union and global institutions.

 

Sightseeing Attractions in Italy

The sightseeing attractions in Italy include numerous items briefly outlined in the table below:

1. Vatican and St. Peter’s Basilica (Rome)
2. Sicily and Sardinia Islands
3. Doria Pamphili Palace (Genoa)
4. Capri Island
5. Pisa and the Leaning Tower
6. Alps Mountains
7. Amalfi Coast
8. Pompeii and Mount Vesuvius (Naples)
9. Florence and Uffizi Gallery
10. Venetian Bridges and Canals
11. Pantheon (Rome)

 

Lifestyle and Culture of the People of Italy

Italy’s lifestyle blends ancient traditions with modern living, shaping its art, cuisine, and social values. Family, social gatherings, and enjoying life are central, with each region offering unique dishes for shared meals.

Italians are passionate about fashion, design, and architecture, while embracing a relaxed pace—whether enjoying coffee at a café or strolling historic streets. Deep respect for history and culture is reflected in the country’s vibrant festivals and celebrations.

 

 

Public and Social Laws in Italy

Italy’s legal system is rooted in human rights, social justice, and public order. Personal freedoms and civil rights are central to both civil and criminal laws. Italian law strongly supports family values, gender equality, and children’s rights. Environmental protection is also a national priority, with strict laws to preserve natural resources and reduce pollution.

Italian social norms emphasize respect for elders, social etiquette, and lawful behavior in daily life. Adherence to traffic laws and public rules is strictly enforced by authorities.

 

Latest News and Immigration Laws of Italy

Italy’s immigration laws aim to attract skilled migrants, streamline residency, and enhance border control. Key changes include:

• Citizenship by birth is now limited to children and grandchildren born in Italy to Italian parents, based on the December 2024 reform.
• Foreign spouses of Italian citizens can apply for citizenship after 2 years of legal residency in Italy or 3 years abroad—halved if they have a child together. B1 Italian language proficiency is now mandatory.
• The Golden Visa allows non-EU investors to gain residency by investing €250,000 in innovative startups, including profitable hotel renovation projects.
• Italy introduced digital visa processing in 2025. Employers must sign contracts electronically and communicate via official PEC emails.
• Skilled workers can apply through the EU Blue Card or Intra-Company Transfer (ICT) Visa.

 

Frequently Asked Questions about Italy

• What is the capital of Italy and What is the official language of the people of Italy?

The capital of Italy is Rome. The official language of Italy is Italian. This language has Latin roots and is used as the primary language throughout the country.

 

• What is the currency of Italy?

The official currency in Italy is the Euro (€). This currency is commonly used in all financial transactions, from daily purchases to large contracts.

 

• What are Italy’s famous tourist attractions?

Italy includes attractions like the Leaning Tower of Pisa and the Colosseum in Rome, the beautiful canals of Venice, and art galleries in Florence, etc.

• What are some popular traditional foods in Italy?

Pasta in various forms, pizzas, spaghetti, risottos, and the famous tiramisu dessert are among the traditional dishes that hold great popularity.

 

• What is the weather like in Italy?

Most regions of Italy have a Mediterranean climate, meaning they have hot dry summers and mild, relatively humid winters.

 

• Is Italy a suitable country for continuing education?

Italy, with its reputable universities, scholarship opportunities, and reasonable living costs, is a popular destination for international students.

 

• What are the main cultural festivals and events in Italy?

The Venice Film Festival and religious events such as Christmas and Easter are among the events that shape the cultural celebrations of the country.

 

• What cities in Italy, besides Rome, are well-known?

Cities like Milan (the capital of fashion), Florence (the cradle of the Renaissance), Venice (the city on water), and Naples (the birthplace of pizza) are among Italy’s famous destinations.

 

Final Word

Italy continues to balance citizen and migrant rights with updated laws on citizenship, marriage, and asylum, making legal procedures easier while enhancing border security. Italy now offers improved access to study visas, reflecting its focus on education, employment, and economic growth. Streamlined work and study visa processes have made Italy a top destination for international students.

For investors, Italy has launched new incentives supporting innovative startups. The Innovation Visa and Golden Visa programs offer major benefits:

• No residency requirement
• Residency for family members
• Annual profits from approved ventures
• Pathway to permanent residency and citizenship

 

To learn more, contact the MIE Immigration Institute for a free consultation.